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Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]

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刘晓雯

最遥远的背影 ----狼塔C＋V线徒步日志文/图苏格拉底麦穗注：如果只想浏览主贴，请先点击“只看该作者”即可浏览连续主帖。注：如果只想浏览主贴，请先点击“只看该作者”即可浏览连续主帖。注：如果只想浏览主贴，请先点击“只看该作者”即可浏览连续主帖。狼塔来历：狼塔之路是穿越北天山最为漫长和危险的徒步线路。它起始于位于北疆昌吉回族自治州的呼图壁河大峡谷，由北向南翻越五座近4000米的达坂后到达南疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州的和静县巴伦台，全程徒步距离约120公里。呼图壁河发源于河源峰，在当地哈萨克语中，河源峰被称为狼塔，意为有群狼守护的塔山。河源峰海拔高度5290米，山势陡峭，型如尖塔。狼塔C线正是穿越这一地区的一条高危徒步线路。狼塔C线穿越需要翻越冰山隘口、横渡激流、行走空中栈道、穿越草原、森林…风景绝美而又惊险刺激、集巍峨壮美的天山风光之大成。在新疆户外，狼塔C线被评为难度和风景最高的8级，是目前已知的最艰苦的徒步线路之一。在后山一百多公里的无人区里，森林茂密、遮天蔽日；奇花异草、闻所未闻。这里是狼、棕熊、雪豹、野猪、北山羊、盘羊、雪鸡等野生动物的乐园，更是富有探险精神的山友们的向往之地。线路简介：新疆北天山狼塔C＋V徒步重装穿越新疆昌吉市（起点）--呼图壁白杨沟煤矿--白杨沟达坂—-台普希马克河--库勒阿特腾阿苏达坂----尔特兰塔河----蒙特开曾达坂----哈拉哈提达坂----古仁郭勒村----乌兰达坂----夏热达坂----绿湖----乌拉布图达坂----天格尔达坂----头屯河峡谷——乔楞格尔达坂----农大林场----昌吉市（终点）活动日期：2013年9月24日09时----10月4日16时领队：（新疆）清风（C线）（新疆）树OO（V线）（新疆）豆浆（V线）队员简介（C＋V报名队友）：封子（女浙江杭州）米诺克斯（江苏苏州）小伍（河南郑州）笨鸟（广东东莞）一休他哥（上海）苏格拉底麦穗（山东烟台）序向天山深处的狼塔致敬当我站在白杨沟达坂的垭口上，贪婪地向天山深处远眺，历经数百万年岁月形成的苍凉地貌，浩瀚壮阔，恍若风雷激荡，浩浩汤汤﹑奔涌而来......举头仰望，变幻诡谲的云朵，在湛蓝的天幕中，舒展着变幻多姿的风情，令人心醉神迷。灿烂千阳下，我结识了众多如我一样酷爱户外探险的朋友----他们或只身独行，或结伴而来，把动魄惊魂的淋漓汗水，撒在了这片遍布孤寂的大地上﹔把刻骨铭心的跋涉经历，化为人生记忆的底片，精心珍藏。有人说，如果你爱一个人，带他（她）走狼塔吧，因为这里有天堂般的绝佳风景;如果你恨一个人，带他（她）走狼塔吧，因为这里有炼狱般的艰难行走......其实，天堂炼狱也好，情仇爱恨也罢，在我看来，一个人只要喜爱户外，或多或少都会在梦境中与狼塔结缘；一个人只要热衷探险，或早或晚都会行进在这条线路上----不管您是新疆本地人，还是来自遥远的国度。雪峰千岁，白云万代,狼塔因你我到来而生机勃发；我们因穿越经历而悲欣交集...... 说狼塔是一条风景独好的经典户外线路，绝不是溢美夸张之辞。尔特兰塔河的冰冷刺骨，长空栈道的横切峭壁，河源主峰的直刺苍穹，库拉阿苏腾阿苏达坂的漫卷长风，绿湖湖畔的风轻云淡，哪一处不是狼塔线路的精彩华章？群山之巅的怒放雪莲，乌兰达坂的离离原草，沉静挺拔的雪岭云杉，高山植被的花团锦簇，天格尔峰的冰清玉洁，哪一点不是天山的浓情馈赠？大自然的风光旖旎，尽收眼底，内心的点滴感悟也一样历历在目......一路走来，我收获了永志难忘的生死之交----中途小憩时的一杯热茶一个苹果，风雪漫天时的一句关爱叮咛，足以拉近几天前还是素不相识的队友间的心理距离；惊险路段的一次友善援手，愁云惨雾中的一回守候，慢慢褪去了每个人在都市里为了打拼生存蒙在脸上的种种面具……一种无法名状的力量在悄无声息地击中每个人的软肋，这正是当下社会中失散已久，可望不可即的无价真情！在这条交替着绝望希望，更迭着秀美蛮荒，弥散着英豪气息的雄关漫道上，残阳如血、乱云飞渡、骏马飞驰、金鹰翱翔。----这是天地间最宏大的舞台。远离尘世喧嚣，在不断行走中沉淀灵魂的你我，正是剧中的主角！本来静默无声的狼塔线路，缘何在短短几年内声名鹊起，吸引海内外的驴友纷至沓来，一路行摄，激扬文字？是因为天时、地利、人和。狼塔虽处天山，交通却并不闭塞;呼图壁、和静县民风淳朴；户外领队大度豪迈，真诚坦荡，敢于担当，这已经积淀为这条线路的一种文化！热情、开朗、勇敢、善良----正是这样的领队人格魅力，留住了山南海北“狼塔迷”的心。狼塔是户外探险爱好者心驰神往的线路，还在于旅途中渗透了人性中最朴素的追求----对生活的热爱，对绝美景致的不懈追寻，对艰难险阻的奋勇攻克，对友情的倍加珍视......这种精神底蕴，仿佛台普希马克河的湍急涡流，甘甜清冽，奔涌不息;仿佛根植在脑海深处的一粒种子，花开叶散，馥郁芬芳...... 我不是新疆人，但我对有“户外天堂”美誉之称的新疆山水情有独钟。如果把狼塔线路比作一位身在远方的老友，这位朋友神情冷峻﹑目光深沉﹑胸怀博大﹑背影伟岸。在路上，我和你，曾经挥汗如雨，曾经爱恨交加，曾经仰天长啸，他都在天山深处默默看在眼里----我在天格尔达坂静思，我在尔特兰塔河谷冥想，我在绿湖晨曦中泪涌，我在夏热牧场暮色里自语......很遗憾，十年前，我无缘结识狼塔线路的开拓者王铁男与杨春风，与他们同闯天山路；很幸运，十年后，我没有错过狼塔C＋V，追随后来探险者的坚实背影，紧跟他们的稳健步履，感受铿锵心跳，并肩走过浩荡澎湃的户外岁月！狼塔，你敞开怀抱融化了我,你轻捻指尖揉碎了我,你鼓动风云卷走了我,你掀起波澜淹没了我...... 一路行进，我感叹着脚下的蜿蜒长路，穿行湮没在达坂河谷的碎石深处；一路行进，我遥望着天边的暮云晓月，行者的决心与气概在胸膛燃烧;一路行进，我凝视着烟云蒸腾的雪域群峰，真切无言的心声一次次在心底难以阻遏地奔涌...... 再回首，狼塔线路不仅仅是一次对户外行者体能和经验的检阅，更是对人生态度和心理的审视与锤炼！狼塔线路，绝不是一条坦荡如砥的通天大道，而是一段跌宕起伏，坎坷崎岖的二百公里暴虐山路。那高耸陡峭的雪峰达坂，那寒彻冰冷的激流，依然时常在我的梦境中浮现......十一个跋山涉水,追风饮尘的日日夜夜啊！即使进入人生暮年，我依然回味不尽你的光荣与梦想，由衷感叹你的壮怀挚情。我可能忘记一路走来的山川地名，可能忘记每一次艰苦登攀的细枝末节，但挑战自我、命悬一线的拼搏挣扎将永志于心！坦率地说，一次户外深度探险并不能彻底改变个体生命当下生存发展轨迹的既有走向，但，艰难跋涉之后的深刻感怀，却能够改变一个人的生活态度。晨曦朝阳里，走在路上,我破茧成蝶，展翅欲飞......已经成为过往的狼塔C＋V线路的成功穿越，必将化作一枚明镜，永远照耀着我的灵魂！狼塔，你把背影留给了我，我却把自己留给了你。冲破苦难，拥抱凯旋。----人生无处不登山…… 是为序。向天山深处的狼塔致敬! 第一章身未动，心已远。又见中秋。胶东地区，夜色澄澈。明月似一道孤独盛宴在天宇中恭候着我的赴会。不知从何时起，我发自内心地躲闪着一些中国传统节日的莅临。中国人用富有特色的发散思维把包括亲情在内的各种正常，非正常人际交往装进了大同小异的节日“箩筐”，在一种拉拉扯扯﹑眉来眼去﹑颔首不语中，中秋节早就失去了固有的静穆深沉，转而变得喧哗热闹起来。用十岁儿子的话说，“现在八月十五，谁还吃月饼啊！” 我在家中独自做着出征狼塔前最后的打点，虽然硕大的行囊事先已经被拆装了N次。----本是一个做事循规蹈矩的理工男，我甚至为了此次出行画了好几回的定置管理图。上午，宋老师领着儿子回娘家过节了。多年的夫妻，已经让此时所有的叮咛变得多余，虽然她发自内心地不理解我的这次出行。送走娘俩，按照往常一样，我照旧不依不饶地在跑步机，健身器材上保质保量地自虐了一回！筋疲力尽后，我站在浴室喷头下，大口大口喘着粗气，回念父母亲此刻在身处他乡的小弟家中团聚，陡然生出几分孤单情绪。索性放开水阀，泪水﹑汗水一并簌簌流下，我知道，一年的“大考”，终于近在眼前，狼塔，我来了！节日的车站冷冷清清，还是有好事者嗅出了我的行装诡异，主动走上前来，不咸不淡地东拉西扯。和几天前送行的好友一样，路人感言，兄弟，从黄海之滨烟台到西域边陲，迢迢万里，太远了吧？我莞尔一笑，心头暗想，远的不是新疆，而是说和做之间的距离！月光下，前方路基上的铁轨明灭着一道道清幽的光芒，恰似妻子临出家门时，回望我的深情一瞥。宋祖英演唱的《望月》陡然在心头响起……望着月亮的时候常常想起你望着你的时候就想起月亮世界上最美最美的是月亮比月亮更美更美的是你没有你的日子里我常常望着月亮那溶溶的月色就像你的脸庞月亮抚慰抚慰着我的心我的泪水浸湿了月光月亮在天上我在地上就像你在海角我在天涯月亮升的再高也高不过天你走的多么远也走不出我的思念第二章济南1085次列车的故事非常感谢不知名的车站工作人员七手八脚地帮我把随身携带的大宗物资送进了卧铺车厢。不大的行李架顿时堆满了我的“宝贝”。待我安排消停，列车也徐徐启动了。我像只累趴下的蛤蟆一样，迅速进入了梦乡。一夜无语。再次睁开眼睛时，车内弥漫着一股好闻的胭脂气味。下铺的两位回家过节的女大学生一边补着淡妆，一边指点着我的装备。济南到了！经过反复斟酌，我决定在济南把物资减负。一个电话果断通知驻济警官接待站的好友分享了我本来要带到新疆的土特产品。晃晃悠悠地挪出站台，我立刻融化在喧嚣鼎沸的人流之中。永和豆浆是我早餐的首选。刚刚落座，一位略显丰满的女生身着户外装，大大方方地走了过来，“你好，欢迎来到济南！大哥，您这是要去……？”我局促不安地起立示好，嗫嚅地挤出了两个字“狼塔”。女生来了兴致，眼神中放出了敬意的神采，自我介绍说，“我刚刚从墨脱线出来，敢走狼塔的可都是真汉子啊！大哥，祝你成功。”我心里涌上了一股羞赧之情，暗暗说道，什么汉子啊，哥是留级生，去年被劝退白杨沟达坂的熊样，你是没见过。吃饱喝足，终于有了兴致扫视站台内外的景致。屈指算来，我这个从巴山蜀水深处走出的异乡人，在齐鲁大地生活，工作即将廿载。今天的济南，早已脱去了印象中内陆都市的羞涩内向，难觅昔日“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”的旧城风貌。无孔不入的商品经济，已让这座中国东部省会城市换了容颜，不再朴实敦厚得像城墙一般寡言少语。([]

白晶晶何苗杨柳视频

吴洁虹

新马十一天旅程安排····················2月1日-4日：新加坡 Day 1：总统府-乌节路 Day 2：牛车水-滨海花园-小印度 Day 3：圣淘沙-环球影视城-滨海花园夜景-金沙酒店 Day 4：City hall 周边走了一圈，逛遍了各种景点····2月5日-7日：槟城 Day 1：丹武绒雅海滩 Day 2George Town Day 3：姓氏桥-姐弟共骑-各种瞎逛2月8日-9日：马六甲 Day 1：鸡场街 Day 2：海滩-马六甲基督教堂-荷兰红屋-红屋广场2月10日：吉隆坡-双子塔2月11日：新加坡-逛各种巴刹去找榴莲吃··· 机票花费：6500左右（本来两人全程所有机票只是花费4K多而已，但是某一只的狮城证被拒，导致不得不重新给他买往返大马的机票，再加上他老妈大马境内和往返狮城的机票，于是乎，就多出了两K多）新加坡花费：无··········马来西亚花费（三人）：4000RMB生活费 +2400RMB住宿费（在吉隆坡奢侈了一小把，酒店对面就可以看到双子塔，步行过去也只是5分钟，但正好碰到促销，两间房的房价才1K多，含税）腾讯微博：离洛洛新浪微博：离洛洛_Joyce粉我吧，粉我吧，粉我吧···········我走过你曾熟悉得风景，却爱上了别人的意外，是你成全了别人，还是我厌倦了回忆·······远行使对自我的放逐，还是去遥远陌生的地方遇见一个全新的自己？因为喜欢《初恋红豆冰》这部电影，才选择去槟城。提一袋红豆冰，执子之手，漫步在落日余晖下，细细去感受老城的浪漫与温情········只是后来，为了红豆冰而去，却爱上了煎蕊而回···各位看客们，请一定要听听这首歌·······感受我所感受过的美好··········"初恋像一袋红豆冰，转眼便溶掉，能回味的，是藏在心里略带轻涩的甜。" https//www.tudou.com/programs/view/JcEhL8LVbYY/ 关于新加坡的印象二三事新加坡很干净，但是不像广州或者香港这种大城市里，CBD地区的那种钢筋水泥，坚硬冰冷的干净，新加坡的干净是一种风淡云轻的干净，并且有一种舒心的整洁；五天，说长不长，但是由于有本地人作陪，我这五天里在新加坡的行程是即充实，也闲散；除了走各种知名景点以外，不知名的小巷子和菜市场（我们这叫菜市场，新加坡叫巴刹）也走了不少，而即便是这些容易藏污纳垢的场所也是干净清爽的，并不会有积水或者是随处堆积的垃圾，更不会有乱摆乱放了。当然这种干净是离不开新加坡人对干净环境的维护和新加坡政府的高压政策。新加坡没有什么养老啊，退休之类的概念，相反，新加坡政府是鼓励老人出来工作的。据说，一来是可以避免老年痴呆症，二来还可以减轻家庭负担，三则新加坡是个小国家，劳动力严重不足，尤其是在一些靠手工劳动的行业里，本地人有地域优越感，大多不愿意干，只能倚靠外劳，而外劳的人数是有限制的，如果老人们愿意“重出江湖”，相对来说会减轻政府用工荒的压力。所以在巴刹或者是餐厅里的工作者大多数都是老阿姨老叔叔们，当然其他很多行业里面也有很多大年纪的工作者；新加坡的消费对于在当地工作生活的人来说是不高的；就拿一个在巴刹做清洁的阿姨来说，薪水最低也是1500新币往上走，相当于人民币7500左右，在新这算是低收入人群。通常我们在巴刹吃饭，七八种食物，外加饮品，也不过是在30-40新币左右（人民币150-200），我们这种吃法算是奢侈的，主要是为了饱我的口服，各种菜式都尝尝。如果说正常吃饭，一个人通常是一两碟食物加一杯水，通常不会超过10新币。个人日常用品也是想当的便宜，只有我们这边的百分之五六十左右的价格，所以姐回国的时候拖了满满一箱的各种洗漱冲凉化妆用品····相当无敌······再来说说新加坡的房价，想当羡慕嫉妒恨，说多了都是泪啊······为毛我们天广地阔的天朝的房价都是飞天的节奏呢？一个包,一台相机,一双拖鞋,11天,走了两个国家,四个城市。。。大年初一！！！意味着又要出远门了！！！整装待发·············1月31日：深圳-新加坡（机票1350元）（话说有个空少超帅的，但也超娘炮，我有点怀疑我是不是上到去泰国的飞机了。。。。）上飞机后，空少/空姐会拿一张白条给有需要入境的游客填写，也就是填写最基本的信息····在新加坡没有吃、住、行的花费··········住在男朋友的姑姑家里，吃的全包了，出行伯伯驾车····陪着我这个暴走疯子没日没夜的穿梭在狮城的大街小巷······还得为我去找各种小吃·····好多的红包啊····我们的Ipad就是用红包买的······嘻嘻·········狮城真心热啊····都快把我晒瘦了········ 新加坡总统府名为Istana，在马来语中是皇宫的之意，迄今已有140年历史，其前身曾经是英殖民期间修建的一座白色三层官邸。戒备森严的新加坡总统府汇集了多种建筑风格，四周有雕刻精美的珠子，极富古典韵味。Tips：每年的年初二会对公众开放········总统府内绿化非常漂亮总统府内的大炮台·········牛车水是新加坡的唐人街，是华族祖先飘洋过海来到新加坡，自1821年逐渐形成的聚居地。当时的人们乘着从中国福建厦门南下的第一艘平底中国帆船抵达新加坡后，就在新加坡河以南一带（也就是现在的直落亚逸街）定居。由于在那儿的每家每户都得拉牛车到安祥山的史必灵路取水，久而久之，这里就被称为牛车水了。牛车水最令人兴奋的时候莫过于农历新年期间。届时，整个地区张灯结彩，各家店铺都装饰一新，还有不少节日商品和风味小吃。

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陈威以

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苏碧绮

去年春节，为了躲避国内天气的寒冷，和亲友间拜访往来的嘈杂，时隔7年我再次陪着家人来到了柬埔寨暹粒过年。地处东南亚，柬埔寨没有四季，只有旱季和雨季，常年气温都在20多度，气候怡人。在这边住了7天，这次我们没有选择跟随旅行团，而是全程自助，体验一次自由，随意，悠闲的旅游。不得不承认，在这个时段，暹粒的游客非常多，酒店提前1个月在BOOKING上订的，竟然综合性价比高的店几乎已经没有位置了。最后我们选择了前后分别在两个不同的酒店入住。前4天在距离市区以南5公里的地方的一家，距离ROLUOS GROUP 比较近; 后2天在市区里的一条小街道, 步行至老城区南部的酒吧街只需5分钟。交通也很简单，除了机场来回选择做出租车，其他一切都乘坐当地的嘟嘟车，TUK TUK. 嘟嘟车说白了就是个搭了个棚子三轮摩托，天津人叫“狗骑兔子”。餐饮很随意，饿了就吃，渴了就喝，不饿不渴就逛。总之一切的安排都是轻松的，没有随团旅游起早拉黑的行程，没有限时看景点的紧迫，没有10人一桌团餐的“抢夺”，更没有强迫购物的烦恼。唯一需要花心思，动脑子的事就是消费时的砍价，但这恰恰也是一种乐趣。下了飞机后，我们直接到机场门口的计程车订车柜台买票，这里需要提前交费，一般到市里需要7美金，但是因为我们的酒店离市区又远了5公里，所以沟通后以10美金成交。吴哥窟全世界闻名，所以来暹粒的游客世界各地都有。当地人几乎都能说简单的英文，对于本人来说，沟通就没有障碍了。出租车是丰田的一款，司机在路上一直在介绍吴哥窟的辉煌。当得知我们是第二次来的时候就开始推销自己了，跟我们说包一天车，随便玩30美金，我们笑而不语，一直没有答应他，当然目的是看他的底限，不出所料，最后到达酒店后他开出了23美金，我们拿了他的电话号码，跟他说晚上打给他确认。办理完入住手续，放完行李后我们去马路对面的一家水果摊看看。买了一袋芒果和一袋山竹，回去后就当作我们的晚餐，在酒店前台我拿了一份简单的景点游览地图，一边吃水果一边计划着这几天的景点行程路线。首先说明吴哥窟景点的分布和联合票的选择：吴哥窟大致分为3个景区： ANGKOR WAT(吴哥窟），ROLUOS GROUP(罗洛寺）和BANTEAY SREI(女皇宫）。联合套票需要在吴哥窟大门的购票处购买，在其他景点是没有购票处的，票价分为20，40和60美金有效期分别是1天，3天和7天。票上有个人头像相片和有效期，想投机几乎是不可能的。（我想也不会有人这样做的）消费：基本使用美金，不过在当地人经常光顾的水果摊，餐厅，和便利店用柬埔寨货币也很方便。我们来这里就是度假的，并没有购买当地的电话SIM卡。（所以抱歉，有关SIM卡的问我一无所知）下面是我制定的3天个人游览路线计划，最后经过实践，确实是过关的，完整的，简洁的，大家可以借鉴。第一天路线：PREAH KHAN - NEAK PEAN - TA SOM - EASTERN MEBON - PRE RUB - TA PROHM - BANSEAY KDEI - SRAH SRANG - ANGKOR ERA HOTEL 圣剑寺 - 涅槃寺 - 塔逊寺 - 东湄本寺 - 比粒寺 - 塔布隆寺 - 班黛克蒂寺 - 皇家浴池 - 吴哥时代酒店 https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625775.html第二天路线：BANTEAY SREI - TA KEO - ANGKOR THOM - BAYON - ANGKOR ERA HOTEL 女皇宫 - 茶胶寺 - 吴哥城 - 巴戎寺 - 吴哥时代酒店 https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34626194.html第三天路线：ROULOUS GROUP - ANGKOR WAT - ANGKOR ERA HOTEL 罗洛寺群 - 吴哥窟 - 吴哥时代酒店 https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34626585.html最后一天： TONLE SAP 洞里萨湖 https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34626884.html这个路线3天就能看遍所有联票里包括的各个景点，唯一遗憾的是没有骑大象爬巴肯山，不过8年前已经去过了，也无所谓了。接下来的3天我们本打算抽一天包车去距离暹粒东面40公里远的BENG MEALEA，（崩密列庙）和东北面40公里远PHNOM KOULEN（荔枝山），但是并没有实施，而是在市里转了转，休息一下，顺便去了趟 TONLE SAP,洞里萨湖（不推荐）。TU TU车砍价记：来到暹粒的第二天，我们正式开始了吴哥之旅，首先当然是解决交通问。因为昨天出租车司机一天包车开价是23美金，我们心里大致也有了底。走出酒店大门就打算找出租车商议价钱，结果没想到首先来找我们推销的一个TU TU 车司机。这个酒店很多游客都是随旅行团来的，交通几乎是大巴，所以这个常驻酒店的TU TU 车司机一直没有揽到活，看到我们3个单客出来后，那叫一个热情啊！说自己的车安全，干净，当然也没有忘记想要抬高租金黑我们。开价包车一天25美金，我去！那叫狮子大开口啊！我跟他说我们已经有出租车司机了，一天才23美金，立刻改口落价。最后跟他的协议价是包三天，去全部景点，加第4天早晨驼行李去市里第二个酒店（需来回两趟）一共是50美金，成交！这个TUK TUK 司机叫“南”， 17岁，看来入行也没多久，还没有其他老司机的精明和狡诈，为人也很谦和，时刻都带着微笑，驾驶时也很认真。虽然英文水品略差，但是沟通基本没有问。游览的入口在寺庙的北边，我们沿着红土地慢慢往前走，首先映入眼帘的是道路两旁的遮天大树，不难想象为什么吴哥窟整个文明，消失在丛林里，经过将近800年直到上个世纪才被发现。路边上是几十尊（据说有72尊）不完整的雕像，雕刻的是鹰神GARUDA“揭路荼”,握着蛇神NAGA “娜迦”。圣剑寺 - 此页涅槃寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625839.html塔逊寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625856.html东湄本寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625898.html比粒寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625918.html塔布隆寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34625925.html 重点！！班黛克蒂寺 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34626165.html皇家浴池 - https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1852402-pid-34626190.html差不多走了50米，我们来到了寺庙大门。一座15米宽的石桥架在了护城河上，石桥两端也有雕像，貌似是天神 DEVA 拖着蛇神，但大多数都缺少了头部。可以清晰的看出河道旁的丛林非常的茂密。桥上的护栏也设计的非常新颖：DEVAS 天神抱着娜迦的身躯：充分的体现出当时佛教和印度教的影响力。为了纪念在12世纪末，当时的吴哥王朝抵御了古越南的侵略，国王在此建造的圣剑寺。寺庙主供Avalokiteśvara 也就是观世音菩萨，（以国王的父亲的形式出现）。目前这座寺庙还有很大部分没有恢复完工，因为很多古树已经在一部分建筑上生根，所以几乎已无法实施修建工作。为什么颜色还会变的这么有层次呢？很多位置的维护和修复还没有做到位！这座寺庙主供观音，不知这座像是不是菩萨.圆塔顶部与亮光处的对接很有创意。([]

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